Bases for the digital transformation of the productive sector
An exploratory study of key competencies in Peru
Abstract
The main objective of this research is to determine the basis of the key competencies necessary to achieve the digital transformation of public and private organizations in Peru. With this objective in mind, the conceptual framework involves the definition of a digital transformation in organizations and their impact on those organizations. Secondly, the article presented the results of the exploratory fieldwork conducted through in-depth interviews with ten executives from different productive sectors and analyzed them through content analysis. From this exploratory study, it concludes that all the experts interviewed agree on: i) the urgency of initiating a digital transformation process in small, medium, and large companies; ii) the need for training in digital transformation for company employees in all functional lines, giving priority to the commercial area; and iii) investment in the implementation process starting with cybersecurity and big data due to the impact on the operational and commercial results of the companies.
References
Birkel, H.S., Veile, J. W., Müller, J.M., Hartmann, E. and Voigt, K. (2019). Development of a Risk Framework for Industry 4.0 in the Context of Sustainability for Established Manufacturers. Sustainability, 11, 384. doi: 10.3390/su11020384
Buchi, G., Cugno, M. and Castagnoli, R. (2020). Smart factory performance and Industry 4.0. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 150, 19790. doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2019.119790
Chesbourg, H. (2003). Open Innovation: The new imperative for creating and profiting from technology. Harvard business school press.
Dalenogare, L.S., Benitez, G.B., Ayala, N.F. and Frank, A.G. (2018). The expected contribution of Industry 4.0 technologies for industrial performance. International Journal of Production Economics, 204, 383-394. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2018.08.019
European Commission. (2020a). Digital Economy and Society Index Report 2020. https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/integration-digital-technology (June, 11th, 2020)
European Commission. (2020b). Digital Europe Programme. July 10, 2021, from https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/digital-europe-programme-proposed-eu82-billion-funding-2021-2027
European Commission (2020c). Horizon Europe- the next research and innovation framework programme. July 10, 2021, from https://ec.europa.eu/info/designing-next-research-and-innovation-framework-programme/what-shapes-next-framework-programme_en
European Commission (2020d). Horizon 2020 programme. Retrieved July 9, 2021, from https://ec.europa.eu/programmes/horizon2020/
European Commission. (2020e). New Cohesion Policy. July 9, 2021, from https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/en/2021_2027/
European Commission (2018). The Digitising European Industry initiative in a nutshell. July 9, 2021 from https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/digitising-european-industry-initiative-nutshell
European Commission. (2017). Digital Innovation Hubs: Mainstreaming Digital Innovation Across All Sectors. July 9, 2021, from https://s3platform.jrc.ec.europa.eu/-/digital-innovation-hubs-mainstreaming-digital-innovation-across-all-sectors?inheritRedirect=true
Frank, A.G., Dalenogare, L. S. and Ayalac, N.F. (2019). Industry 4.0 technologies: Implementation patterns in manufacturing companies. International Journal of Production Economics, 210, 15-26. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2019.01.004
Ghobakhloo, M. (2020). Industry 4.0, digitization, and opportunities for sustainability. Journal of cleaner production, 252, 119869.
Herčko, J., Slamková, E. and J. Hnát. (2015). Industry 4.0—New era of manufacturing. Proceedings of InvEnt 2015: Industrial Engineering–From Integration to Innovation, 1:80–83.
Hervás-Oliver, J. L., Gonzalez-Alcaide, G., Rojas-Alvarado, R., & Monto-Mompo, S. (2021a). Emerging regional innovation policies for industry 4.0: Analyzing the digital innovation hub program in European regions. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal.
Hervás-Oliver, J. L., Parrilli, M. D., Rodríguez-Pose, A., & Sempere-Ripoll, F. (2021b). The drivers of SME innovation in the regions of the EU. Research Policy, 50(9), 104316.
Kosacka-Olejnik, M., & Pitakaso, R. (2019). Industry 4.0: state of the art and research implications. LogForum, 15(4).
Lasi, H., Fettke, P., Kemper, H. G., Feld, T. and Hoffmann, M. (2014). Industry 4.0. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 6, 239-242. doi: 10.1007/s12599-014-0334-4
Laursen, K. and Salter, A. (2006). Open for Innovation: The Role of Openness in Explaining Innovation Performance Among U.K. Manufacturing Firms. Strategic Management Journal, 27 (2), 131-150. doi: 10.1002/smj.507
Pelayo, E. (2017). Digital innovation hubs @H2020. Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial. Industria Conectada 4.0. https://www.industriaconectada40.gob.es/SiteCollectionDocuments/Grupos-Trabajo/GT-DIH/DIH-GT4-CDTI.pdf
Porter, M. E., & Heppelmann, J. E. (2015). How smart, connected products are transforming companies. Harvard Business Review, 93(10), 96-114.
Rejikumar, G., Arunprasad, P., Persis, J., & Sreeraj, K. M. (2019). Industry 4.0: key findings and analysis from the literature arena. Benchmarking: An International Journal.
Sony, M., & Naik, S. (2019). Key ingredients for evaluating Industry 4.0 readiness for organizations: a literature review. Benchmarking: An International Journal.
Taiminen, H. M.; Karjaluoto, H. (2015). The usage of digital marketing channels in SMEs. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development.