ESIC Digital Economy and Innovation Journal

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La banca sostenible en el Sur Global

Innovaciones ESG en China

Resumen

Este estudio descriptivo utiliza datos de 4 países del Sur global para medir la sostenibilidad de los bancos comerciales nacionales durante el período 2007-2019, centrándose en la República Popular China (RPC). Estimamos el nivel de sostenibilidad del sector bancario chino durante el período 2007-2019, comparándolo con Brasil, India y México. Descubrimos que, a diferencia de estos países, los bancos estatales chinos han respondido con prontitud a las presiones ejercidas por las innovaciones impulsadas por el Estado, como la Política de Crédito Verde, que pretendía fomentar la adopción de normas medioambientales, sociales y de gobernanza (ASG). También descubrimos que estas políticas públicas se han derivado de un proceso de aprendizaje de Pekín a partir de las innovaciones organizativas de instituciones financieras internacionales como el Banco Mundial. Nuestro estudio es novedoso al sugerir que las políticas públicas pueden propiciar la innovación hacia la sostenibilidad, y si ha ampliado la adopción de criterios ASG en China, puede ser aplicable en otros lugares del Sur global. Estos avances ecológicos ya han dejado huella en el sector bancario nacional de China, lo que lo convierte en un ejemplo digno de emular. China tiene un largo camino por recorrer, pero es líder en el Sur global en la sostenibilidad de sus sistemas monetarios y financieros.

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